- Introduction
Earth Pressure, you can understand from the word it is one kind of pressure produced by the Earth (Earth mean soil).This topic is related with Retaining wall.
Retaining wall is a special type of wall which is constructed to retain some material it may be soil or sand(which is called Back fill).You can see this kind of wall in culverts or in metro projects,where wall of concrete are constructed to support the side soil surface.
- Definition
It is the pressure exerted on the retaining wall by the soil which is retained.
- Discussion
Earth pressure is of two type-
1. Active earth pressure (Pa).
2. Passive earth pressure (Pp).
Pp > Pa
All the theories and mathematical experiments on earth pressure was done by Rankine in 1860,thats why it is known as Rankine's earth pressure theory.
1. Active earth pressure-
It is the pressure exerted by the back-fill on the retaining wall.it is happen when back-fill has more strength than the retaining wall.It is the minimum pressure.
In this case retaining wall move away from back-fill.
2. Passive earth pressure-
It is the pressure exerted by the retaining wall on the back-fill.This happen when back-fill is week such as loose sand.It is the maximum pressure.
In this case retaining wall move towards back-fill.
See the graph for better understanding-
- Numerical Formulas
Active Earth Pressure-
Passive Pressure-
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